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SYSTEMS DESIGN and ENGINEERING
(SECURITY ARCHITECTURE & ENGINEERING – PART 2)
Presented by
Frank M. Carpency, P.E., CPP, PSP, CSC
Carpency and Associates, LLC
13425 Scottish Autumn Lane
Gaithersburg, MD 20878-3909
fmc@carpsecurity.com
www.carpsecurity.com
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The Security Program
A security system without a security program is useless!
Document your security program and use the document as a sales tool!
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The Security Triangle
Respond
Detect
Delay
The total time to Detect, Delay and Respond
must be less than the adversary’s task time!
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Security Terms/Concepts/Philosophies
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Security Terms/Concepts/Philosophies
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Project Stages
Basis of Design – Study and Report Phase (SAE – Part 1)
Bidding, Negotiation & Procurement (SAE – Part 3)
Construction (SAE – Part 3)
Operational (SAE – Part 3)
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Study & Report Phase
– What needs to be protected: people, information,
facility/equipment, raw materials, finished products
– Group assets into low, medium & high value
categories
– Tied to security policy and procedures
– Analyze local crime statistics and FBI threat data
– Group threat & risk into low, medium & high
probability categories (use metrics if possible)
– Determine cost tradeoffs
– Transfer risk if possible
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Study & Report Phase (cont’d)
– Think like a vandal, criminal, terrorist, etc.
– Recommend effective countermeasures
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Replace or Upgrade?
– What equipment can be reused and can it be integrated with
new equipment?
– How much time is now spent repairing system?
– Are spare parts available?
– ADA, NFPA and local codes
– Enroll other organizations
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SAE Part 2 Project Stages
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PRELIMINARY DESIGN
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Getting Started
Establish Design Requirements (formal document tied to recognized standards)
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Getting the Facts
– Intrusion Detection
– CCTV
– Access Control
– Ancillary Systems (lighting, power, raceways, etc.)
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Getting the Facts (cont’d)
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Design Requirements
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Poor Sensor Application
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Design Approach
Preliminary Drawings (Site Plans & Floor Plan Backgrounds)
Outline Specifications (Select Type)
Design Analysis & Calculations
Total Project Cost Estimate
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Sample Design Requirements
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Design Requirements
What the heck are these things and who cares?
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Design Considerations
– Hardware
– Software
– Transition Planning
– Maintenance
– Training
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Human Factors & Ergonomics
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Security Console Ergonomics
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Door, Gate & Turnstile Control
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Personnel Search Area
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Engineered Sensor Application
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Triple Stacked Microwave
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Microwave Bounce Plate
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Microwave Junction Box
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Fixed & PTZ CCTV Cameras
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COST ESTIMATING
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The Rule of Ascending Cost
The key to cost control is selecting the proper mix!
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Why a Cost Estimate?
Choosing between multiple options
Estimating Return on Investment
Initiate accumulation of funds
Live within your means
Establish competitive range
Establish ceiling
Make sure your consultant knows your budget!
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Cost Components
In-House
Outside Consultant
Use a Work Breakdown Structure for Labor Costs!
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Cost Components (cont’d)
taxes (state & local)
overhead (15%)
profit (10%)
bonding (1-2%)
contingency (5%)
inflation (AR 415-17, “Cost Growth Indices”)
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Levels of Estimates
Rule of thumb estimates
Vendor/supplier estimates
Large contingencies (20% to 30%)
Drawing take-offs
Vendor estimates/quotes
Moderate contingency (10% to 15%)
Refined drawing take-offs
Vendor quotations (equipment & labor)
Minimal contingency (5%)
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Conceptual Estimates
“Means Electrical Cost Data” R.S. Means Company, Inc. 100 Construction Plaza P.O. Box 800 Kingston, MA 02364-0800
(Good for estimating conduit, cable and associated labor, not good for estimating security equipment and specialty applications, including labor)
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Detailed Estimates
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Pitfalls
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Cost Estimating Summary
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DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
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Design Development
Based on:
Functional Requirements
Compatibility With Other Sub-Systems
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Equipment Location (Floor Plan)
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Riser Diagram
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Block Diagram
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CCTV Location & Coverage
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Console Layout
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Design Development (cont’d)
– Based on Design Requirements
– Conformance to Specification
– Ease of Installation
– Maintainability
– MTTF & MTTR
– Vendor Experience, Documentation, Support & Warranty
– Cost
– Make Award Based on Best Value
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MINIMIZING COST
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Minimizing Cost
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Minimizing Cost (cont’d)
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Minimizing Cost (cont’d)
Communicate, document and revalidate requirements!
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FINAL DESIGN
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Final Design
– Interconnection Wiring Diagrams
– Conduit & Cable Lists
– Installation Details
– Detailed Installation Instructions
– Acceptance Test Procedures
– Construction Schedule
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Final Design (cont’d)
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Fencing & Grading Details
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Grading & Ground Cover
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Equipment Mounting Details
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Equipment Rack Arrangement
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CCTV Junction Box Assembly
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CCTV Junction Box Wiring Diagram
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CCTV Field Wiring Diagram
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CCTV Junction Box
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Other Design Documentation
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Testing
– Integrator to develop test plan, Engineer to review and
approve plan, Engineer and Owner to witness test.
– Test after system burn-in and do not ship until all
deficiencies have been corrected.
– Installer to develop test data sheets (to record
settings) with signoffs for each piece of equipment.
– Functional and performance test based on the FAT.
Engineer/Owner to witness and signoff on each test.
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Training
– Console Operators
– System Administrators
– Security Supervisors
– Maintenance Personnel (hardware and software)
– Employees (awareness/user interface)
– Initial (hands-on instruction, hard copy, interactive
CD ROM)
– Follow-on (retraining, new employees, software
updates, equipment changes, operational changes)
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SPECIFICATIONS
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Specifications
– Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) MasterFormat
– AIA MasterSpec
– Client/Industry Specific (Design Requirements as outline)
– Functional
– Procurement
– Weighted Percentage (split technical from cost evaluation)
– Includes: technical compliance to specification, past
experience, documentation, personnel, workload, project
management, warranty, follow-on support, etc.
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CSI Format Specification Structure
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schedule)
CSI Division Structure
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system acceptance)
CSI Division Structure (cont’d)
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CSI Facility Services Division 26 Electrical
Cables, Conductors, Raceways, Static UPS, Grounding, lightning and surge protection, etc.
26 51 00 Interior Lighting
26 52 00 Emergency Lighting
26 55 00 Special Purpose Lighting
26 55 53 Security Lighting
26 56 00 Exterior Lighting
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CSI Facility Services Division 27 Communications
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CSI Facility Services Division 28 Electronic Safety and Security
28 01 00 Operation and Maintenance of Electronic Safety and Security
28 05 00 Common Work Results for Electronic Safety and Security
28 06 00 Schedules for Electronic Safety and Security
28 08 00 Commissioning of Electronic Safety and Security
28 13 00 Access Control
28 16 00 Intrusion Detection
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CSI Facility Services Division 28 Electronic Safety and Security (Cont’d)
28 23 00 Video Surveillance
28 26 00 Electronic Personal Protection Systems
28 31 00 Fire Detection and Alarm
28 32 00 Radiation Detection and Alarm
28 33 00 Fuel-Gas Detection and Alarm
28 34 00 Fuel-Oil Detection and Alarm
28 35 00 Refrigerant Detection and Alarm
28 46 00 Electronic Detention Monitoring and Control Systems
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The Four Absolutes of Quality
– Conformance to Requirements
– Prevention of Defects
– Commitment to Excellence – Zero Defects
– Customer Satisfaction (make sure you know
who your customer is!)
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The design process described can be characterized as:
The process assures that you get what you paid for!
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Summary
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Contact Information
Frank M. Carpency, P.E., CPP, PSP, CSC
Carpency and Associates, LLC
13425 Scottish Autumn Lane
Gaithersburg, MD 20878-3909
301-560-1069
fmc@carpsecurity.com
www.carpsecurity.com
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